Warning signs — seek help immediately
Difficulty or loss of bladder or bowel control, numbness around the sitting area and genitals ('saddle' numbness), progressive weakness in both legs, and loss of sexual sensation. If any of these appear together with back pain, this may be cauda equina and requires same-day emergency evaluation.
Why is it an emergency?
The cauda equina nerves control the bladder, bowel and legs. When compressed (most often by a large disc herniation), the damage can become permanent if the pressure is not relieved quickly. That is why one does not wait — an urgent MRI is done and decompression is planned.
Diagnosis and treatment
The diagnosis is confirmed with an urgent MRI. Treatment is surgical: prompt decompression to relieve pressure on the nerves. The earlier it is done, the better the chance of preserving bladder and leg function.
Important note for international patients
Cauda equina does not wait for travel. If you have these signs where you are, go to the nearest emergency department immediately — do not plan a trip. This page is informational only; for non-emergency spine problems you may contact us for evaluation.